面向高量级振动环境的组合弹簧系统动力学设计和试验研究

姚明格; 刘浩; 孙立明; 王灿辉

doi:10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.010

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装备环境工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5) : 85-91. DOI: 10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.010

航空航天装备

面向高量级振动环境的组合弹簧系统动力学设计和试验研究

姚明格^1,2, 刘浩^1,2, 孙立明^1,2, 王灿辉¹

作者信息 +

Dynamic Design and Experimental Study of Combined Spring System under High-magnitude Vibration

YAO Mingge^1,2, LIU Hao^1,2, SUN Liming^1,2, WANG Canhui¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的针对航空航天等装备轴承关节类零部件110g以上高量级振动测试需求,解决现有振动台输出有限、传统放大结构适配性差的技术瓶颈,完善组合弹簧系统在高量级振动领域的动力学设计理论,研制可工程应用的针对不同频率的并联弹簧放大工装。方法基于弹簧共振原理,建立并联弹簧系统精细化动力学模型,分析共振频率、阻尼比与振幅放大倍数的内在关联。设计针对不同频率的组合弹簧放大工装,通过调整弹簧组合方式优化系统固有频率。搭建实验测试系统,以1g~2g加速度为基础激励,开展共振放大性能验证试验。结果完成了组合弹簧系统的动力学设计与工装研制,系统共振频率可灵活调节并与激励频率精准匹配。实验验证表明,在26.5 Hz共振频率、43 kg质量负载状态下,不同基础激励实现超过50倍的加速度放大,输出加速度超过110g,理论计算与实验结果误差较小,测试稳定性良好。结论提出的组合弹簧系统动力学设计方法可行有效,研制的工装可突破现有振动设备极限,实现实验室环境下110g以上高量级振动测试。该研究完善了组合弹簧共振放大理论,为航空航天等领域关键零部件的疲劳与磨损可靠性测试提供了可行技术路径和实验参考。

Abstract

The work aims to address the technical bottlenecks of limited output of existing vibration tables and poor adaptability of traditional amplification structures, improve the dynamic design theory of combined spring systems in the field of high-magnitude vibration, and develop parallel spring amplification tooling applicable to engineering for different frequencies to meet the high-magnitude vibration test requirement of over 110g for bearing joint components of aerospace and other equipment. Based on the spring resonance principle, a refined dynamic model of the parallel spring system was established to analyze the internal correlation between resonance frequency, damping ratio and amplitude amplification factor. Combined spring amplification tooling for different frequencies was designed, and the natural frequency of the system was optimized by adjusting the spring combination mode. An experimental test system was built, and resonance amplification performance verification tests were carried out with the basic excitation of 1 g-2 g acceleration. The results showed that the dynamic design of the combined spring system and the tooling development were completed. The system resonance frequency could be flexibly adjusted and accurately matched with the excitation frequency. Experimental verification indicated that under the resonance frequency of 26.5 Hz and a load mass of 43 kg, the acceleration amplification of more than 50 times was realized under different basic excitations, with the output acceleration exceeding 110 g. The error between theoretical calculation and experimental results was small, and the test stability was excellent. It is concluded that the proposed dynamic design method of the combined spring system is feasible and effective. The developed tooling can break through the limit of existing vibration equipment and realize high-magnitude vibration testing above 110 g in the laboratory environment. This research perfects the resonance amplification theory of combined spring systems, providing a feasible technical approach and experimental reference for the fatigue, wear and reliability testing of key components in aerospace and other fields.

导出引用

姚明格, 刘浩, 孙立明, 王灿辉. 面向高量级振动环境的组合弹簧系统动力学设计和试验研究[J]. 装备环境工程. 2026, 23(5): 85-91 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.010

YAO Mingge, LIU Hao, SUN Liming, WANG Canhui. Dynamic Design and Experimental Study of Combined Spring System under High-magnitude Vibration[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2026, 23(5): 85-91 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.010

中图分类号： V416

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